Descriptive Text

What is a descriptive text?

Descriptive text is a text that describes what a thing, place, or person is like. So it could be about physical appearance or the characters of someone. It commonly uses preposition, adjectives, and noun. The tense in descriptive text is present tense.

1.    Social function

The social function of descriptive text is to describe particular thing, place, or person.

2.    The Generic Structure

The generic structure of the text is:

-       Identification

This part introduces a person, place, animal or object which will be described.

-       Description

This part describes its features, forms, colors, or anything about what we describe in the text.

3.    Language Feature

–      Specific participant           : for example Borobudur Temple, my house, my pet

–      Using to be                        : the building is huge

–      Opinion                              : She is friendly, the temple is interesting

–      Degree of comparisosn    : the weather in Jakarta is hotter than in Bandung

–      Adjective                           : a beautiful ocean, a smart students, the famous historical place

–      Adverbial places               : since the 19^th century, in the shouter England.

–      Simple present tense        : She has curly hair, the place is wide

–      Action verb                        : run, sleep,show, walk,

Here are some examples of descriptive text and its generic structure

Text 1

My Small House

I live in a small house. It has five rooms: there are two bedrooms, a living room, a bathroom, and a kitchen. Indeed it is a small house; but I like living in here for wasting my spare time. (identification)

When the door is open, I can see the living room. It is so small with only three chairs and a table, nothing else. I prefer reading a novel in this room. My bedroom is in the left side of the living room. In this room there is a night table next to the bed, a TV, a radio, and a computer. When being bored of reading, I usually play online games, chat with my friends via Facebook and so on. (description)

Next to my bedroom is my mother’s. I do not know what is inside because I never come in to see it. In the right side of the living room there is the kitchen. In the kitchen I have everything I need when I get hungry. It is very pleasure when my mother cooks, the smell fills my whole house. I know it is a very small house; but it is the best place I have ever seen. (description)

Answer the following questions!

1.    What is the text about?

2.    What is the purpose of the text?

3.    How many rooms are in the house?

4.    Where do you think is the writer’s most favorite place?

5.    Which paragraph are the identification and the description part?

Text 2

Borobudur Temple

Borobudur is a Buddhist temple. It was built in the ninth century under Sailendra dynasty of ancient Mataram kingdom. Borobudur is located in Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia. (Identification)

Borobudur is well-known all over the world. Its construction is influenced by the Gupta architecture of India. The temple is constructed on a hill 46 meter high and consists of eight steps like stone terrace. The first five terraces are square and surrounded by walls adorned with Buddhist sculpture in bas-relief. The upper three are circular. Each of them is with a circle of bell shape-stupa. The entire upper structure is crowned by a large stupa at the center of the top circle. The way to the summit extends through some 4.8 km of passage and stairways. (Description)

The design of Borobudur symbolizes the conception of universe in Buddhist cosmology. It is believed that the universe is divided into three spiritual spheres, kamadhatu, rupadhatu, and arupadhatu. The first sphere, kamadhatu, represents respectively the sphere of desires where we are bound to our desires; the second sphere, rupadhatu, represents forms where we abandon our desires but are still bound to name and form; and the last sphere, arupadhatu, represents formlessness where there is no longer either name or form. Borobudur temple which is rededicated as an Indonesian monument in 1983 is a valuable treasure for Indonesian people. With its magnificent size and architecture, no wonder that Borobudur Temple includes 7 wonders of the world. (description)

1.    What is the text about?

2.    Where is Borodudur Temple located?

3.    Describe its physical appearance?

4.    Does the building design has meaning? What is it?

5.    What does the temple for Indonesian people mean?

Mention verbs from the text	Mention adjectives from the text

Text 3

My Pet

I have a pet. He is a cat. I got him from my birthday present. (identification)

He has smooth black fur. He is cute. He likes playing with rope and ball. He is small. He is really an amazing cat. He is very intelligent cat. He can respond my voice commands. (description)

He is really funny as well as my friends get a joke. I love him so much as I love my mother. (description)

Text 1
Social function
Structure
Language Feature
Text 2
Social Function
Structure
Language Feature
Text 3
Social Function
Structure
Language Feature

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