Types of Text

There are many types of text in reading English text. There are Narratives, Procedure, Descriptive, Recount, Report, explanation, hortatory exposition, analytical exposition, discussion, news item, anecdote, spoof, and review. These kinds of text are usually learned in high school to practice students' reading comprehension.

In this moment, I will give general information about those genres. The first one is Narrative text.

Narrative text is quite popular among children and also young learners. They like to read it because it can entertain them and contains attractive stories. So, what is actually a Narrative Text?

 *picture taken from https://northtexasperformingarts.org/event/2019planosnow/

What is a Narrative text?

Narrative text is a spoken or written story that is usually fiction, which connects to some events.

What is the social function?

Its social function is to entertain or amuse the readers through a story.

What is the Generic Structure?

-          Orientation

This part consists of general information where the story begins such as the setting of place and time, the characters, and the situation in the story.

-          Complication

This is the next stage after the orientation. The problem begins arise in this part. In this paragraph there is usually one or more problems happen and make the story more interesting, and the readers will be curious to continue reading until the end of the story.

-          Resolution

In this part, the story nearly ends either happy ending or sad ending.

-          Reorientation (optional)

Reorientation part is not always stated in a narrative text that is why it is an option depends on the writer. This consists of the situation after the story ends, and it could state the moral value of the story.

What is the Language feature of Narrative text?

-          Using Past Tense                     : went, opened, sailed, called, felt, was, were,

-          Using preposition                    : at, in, on

-          Using adjectives                      : hungry, sad, angry, slow, fast

-          Using adverb of place                         : In the cave, deep in the forest, at house

-          Using Adverb of time              : long time ago, one day, at that time, the following day,    

  the previous day

-          Using adverb of manner         : happily, slowly, beautifully.

Example of Narrative text

Snow White

A long time ago, there lived a very beautiful princess, Snow White. She has a step mother who was very jealous of her beauty, so she wanted her to die. (Orientation)

Snow White knew about the evil plan. She escaped into a forest. There she met seven dwarfs. Soon they made friends and live together. (Complication)

The unlucky evil queen knew that Snow White was still alive and lived in the forest, so she went there to kill her. The Queen turned into a witch buy Snow White did not realize it. The witch gave her a poisoned apple. As a result, Snow White was put into sleep for years. (Complication)

In the end, a charming prince came to see her and magically woke her up. They lived happily ever after. (Resolution)

Check your reading understanding by doing the following exercises!

Exercise 1.

1.      What is narrative text?  

2.      What is the purpose of the text? 

3.      What is the structure of the text? 

4.      What is the language feature? 

5.      Do you have to put Reorientation on writing Narrative text?

Exercise 2.

1.      What is the title of the story? 

2.      Who are the characters in the story? 

3.      Where did the story happen?

4.      What do you think about the character of the step mother? 

5.      What did Snow White do after knowing her mother’s plan? 

6.      What was the moral value of the story? 

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